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USS Guardfish (SS-217)
, a ''Gato''-class submarine, was the first ship of the United States Navy to be named for the guardfish, a voracious green and silvery fish with elongated pike-like body and long narrow jaws.
''Guardfish'' was laid down by the Electric Boat Company at Groton, Connecticut. She was launched there on 20 January 1942 (sponsored by Mrs. Edward J. Marquart), and commissioned at New London, Conn., 8 May 1942, Lt. Comdr. Thomas B. Klakring in command.
== First and second war patrols, August – November 1942 ==
After conducting shakedown out of New London, ''Guardfish'' departed that base 28 June 1942 for Pearl Harbor via the Panama Canal, and arrived there 25 July to prepare for her first cruise. Her first war patrol was in the hitherto unpatrolled waters off northeast Honshū. ''Guardfish'' departed Pearl Harbor 6 August 1942, sank a trawler 22 August, and two days later sank 3,114 ton cargo ship ''Seikai Maru'' off Kinkasan Harbor. Evading escort vessels, she proceeded up the coast and found a convoy 2 September. ''Guardfish'' attacked the next day, sinking 5,253 ton ''Kaimei Maru'' and 1,118 ton cargo ship ''Tenyu Maru''. ''Chita Maru'', a 2,376 ton freighter, retreated into the harbor and anchored, but a remarkable long-range shot from ''Guardfish'' left her resting in the mud. ''Guardfish'' returned from her spectacularly successful first patrol to Midway for refit 15 September 1942.
''Guardfish'' departed Midway on her second war patrol 30 September and headed for the East China Sea. Surviving a violent attack by patrolling aircraft 19 October, ''Guardfish'' closed a seven-ship convoy 21 October, sinking a 4,000-ton freighter and 6,362 ton ''Nichiho Maru'' north of Formosa as the convoy scattered. After evading pursuing aircraft and surface ships, ''Guardfish'' returned to Pearl Harbor 28 November 1942. For her outstanding success on these first two war patrols, ''Guardfish'' received a Presidential Unit Citation.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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